도마뱀은 남극 대륙을 제외한 모든 대륙에서 발견할 수 있는 다양한 파충류 그룹입니다..
크기는 손가락 끝에 딱 맞는 작은 도마뱀부터 무게가 나갈 수 있는 거대한 모니터까지 다양합니다. 100 킬로그램.
아래에, a list of the 15 largest living lizards in the world based on their maximum reliable or known mass and length.
These include family types Varanidae, Iguanidae and Teiidae exceeding 9 킬로그램 (20 파운드) in mass.
1. 코모도 왕 도마뱀
코모도 드래곤 (바라누스 코모도엔시스) is the undisputed king of the lizards. It is the largest living lizard species, 최대 도달 3.13 중 (10.27 피트) in length and 166 킬로그램 (366 파운드) in weight in captivity.
야생에서, the largest recorded specimen was 3.04 중 (9.97 피트) long and weighed 81.5 킬로그램 (180 파운드), excluding stomach contents. 하지만, it is estimated that some individuals could weigh up to 100 킬로그램 (220 파운드) including stomach contents.
Komodo dragons are native to a few islands in Indonesia, where they are the top predators. They have powerful jaws, 날카로운 이빨, venomous saliva, and a keen sense of smell.
These monster lizards can hunt prey as large as deer, 돼지, and even water buffalo. They are also known to scavenge on carcasses and occasionally cannibalize on smaller dragons.
2. Asian water monitor
The Asian water monitor (바라누스 살바토르) is the second largest lizard in the world, and the largest in Asia. It can grow up to 3.21 중 (10.53 피트) in length and 25 킬로그램 (55 파운드) in weight. 하지만, most specimens are much smaller, averaging around 1.5 중 (4.9 피트) 그리고 7 킬로그램 (15 파운드).
Asian water monitors are widely distributed throughout South and Southeast Asia, where they inhabit various aquatic and terrestrial habitats. They are excellent swimmers and can stay underwater for up to 30 분.
They feed on fish, 개구리, 뱀, 조류, 달걀, 설치류, and carrion. They are also known to raid poultry farms and crocodile nests.
3. Crocodile monitor
The crocodile monitor (Varanus salvadorii) is the third largest lizard in the world, and the largest in New Guinea. 그것은까지 도달할 수 있습니다 2.55 중 (8.37 피트) in length and 20 킬로그램 (44.1 파운드) in weight.
하지만, these measurements are based on the longest verified specimen, and there are unverified reports of much larger individuals, possibly exceeding 4 중 (13 피트) 그리고 40 킬로그램 (88 파운드).
Crocodile monitors are arboreal and spend most of their time in the rainforest canopy.
They have long tails that help them balance and maneuver among the branches. They have strong claws and teeth that can inflict serious wounds. They feed on birds, 포유류, 파충류, 계란. They are also known to scavenge on dead animals and human garbage.
4. 나일강 모니터
나일 모니터 (바라누스 닐로티쿠스) is the fourth largest lizard in the world, and the largest in Africa. It can grow up to 2.43 중 (8.0 피트) in length and 20 킬로그램 (44.1 파운드) in weight. 하지만, these are the maximum values, and most specimens are much smaller, averaging around 1.2 중 (3.9 피트) 그리고 4 킬로그램 (8.8 파운드).
Nile monitors are widespread throughout sub-Saharan Africa, where they inhabit various freshwater and coastal habitats. They are adaptable and can tolerate a wide range of environmental conditions.
They are voracious and opportunistic feeders, consuming fish, 개구리, 뱀, 거북이, crocodile eggs, 조류, 설치류, and carrion. They are also known to prey on domestic animals and raid chicken coops.
5. Perentie
The perentie (Varanus giganteus) is the fifth largest lizard in the world, and the largest in Australia. 그것은까지 도달할 수 있습니다 2.44 중 (8.0 피트) in length and 20 킬로그램 (44.1 파운드) in weight. 하지만, these are the maximum values, and most specimens are much smaller, averaging around 1.5 중 (4.9 피트) 그리고 7 킬로그램 (15 파운드).
Perenties are endemic to the arid regions of central and western Australia, where they inhabit rocky outcrops and open plains. They are fast and agile, capable of running at speeds of up to 40 km/h (25 mph). They have powerful jaws, 날카로운 이빨, and venomous saliva.
They feed on a variety of prey, including lizards, 뱀, 조류, 포유류, 계란. They are also known to scavenge on roadkill and carrion.
6. Black-throated monitor
The black-throated monitor (Varanus albigularis microsticus) is the sixth largest lizard in the world, and the second largest in Africa. It can grow up to 2.1 중 (6.89 피트) in length and 27 킬로그램 (60 파운드) in weight. 하지만, these are the maximum values, and most specimens are much smaller, averaging around 1.3 중 (4.3 피트) 그리고 6 킬로그램 (13 파운드).
Black-throated monitors are native to eastern and southern Africa, where they inhabit savannas, 숲, 그리고 관목지.
They are terrestrial and spend most of their time on the ground, but they can also climb trees and swim.
They have strong claws and teeth that can crush bones. They feed on a variety of prey, 곤충을 포함하여, 거미, scorpions, 달팽이들, 게, 도마뱀, 뱀, 거북이, 조류, 달걀, 작은 포유류.
7. Lace monitor
The lace monitor (Varanus varius) is the seventh largest lizard in the world, and the second largest in Australia.
그것은까지 도달할 수 있습니다 2.0 중 (6.55 피트) in length and 14 킬로그램 (30.87 파운드) in weight. 하지만, these are the maximum values, and most specimens are much smaller, averaging around 1.3 중 (4.3 피트) 그리고 4 킬로그램 (8.8 파운드).
Lace monitors are endemic to eastern Australia, where they inhabit forests, 숲, and coastal areas.
They are arboreal and spend most of their time in the trees, but they also descend to the ground to forage and bask. They have long claws and teeth that can pierce skin.
They feed on a variety of prey, 곤충을 포함하여, 거미, 도마뱀, 뱀, 조류, 달걀, 작은 포유류. They are also known to raid nests of termites and bees.
8. Blue iguana
The blue iguana (사이클루라 레위시) is the eighth largest lizard in the world, and the largest in the Caribbean. It can grow up to 1.5 중 (4.91 피트) in length and 14 킬로그램 (30.87 파운드) in weight.
하지만, these are the maximum values, and most specimens are much smaller, averaging around 1.2 중 (3.9 피트) 그리고 5 킬로그램 (11 파운드).
Blue iguanas are endemic to the island of Grand Cayman, where they inhabit dry forests and shrublands. They are terrestrial and spend most of their time on the ground, but they can also climb rocks and trees. They have strong jaws and teeth that can crush seeds and fruits.
They feed mainly on plants, but they also eat insects, 거미, 달팽이들, and fungi. They are critically endangered due to habitat loss, invasive species, and human persecution.
9. Galapagos land iguana
The Galapagos land iguana (Conolophus subcristatus) is the ninth largest lizard in the world, and the second largest in the Caribbean.
그것은까지 도달할 수 있습니다 1.5 중 (4.91 피트) in length and 13 킬로그램 (28.66 파운드) in weight. 하지만, these are the maximum values, and most specimens are much smaller, averaging around 1.0 중 (3.3 피트) 그리고 4 킬로그램 (8.8 파운드).
Galapagos land iguanas are endemic to the Galapagos Islands, where they inhabit arid and semi-arid zones. They are terrestrial and spend most of their time on the ground, but they can also climb cacti and rocks.
They have strong jaws and teeth that can shred leaves and stems. They feed mainly on plants, but they also eat insects, 거미, carrion, and bird droppings.
They are vulnerable due to habitat degradation, invasive species, and volcanic eruptions.
10. Marine iguana
The marine iguana (Amblyrhynchus cristatus) is the tenth largest lizard in the world, and the third largest in the Caribbean.
It can grow up to 1.4 중 (4.59 피트) in length and 12 킬로그램 (26.46 파운드) in weight. 하지만, these are the maximum values, and most specimens are much smaller, averaging around 0.8 중 (2.6 피트) 그리고 3 킬로그램 (6.6 파운드).
Marine iguanas are endemic to the Galapagos Islands, where they inhabit rocky shores and intertidal zones. They are the only lizards that can swim and dive in the ocean. They have flattened tails and spiny crests that help them propel and steer underwater.
They have sharp teeth that can scrape algae and seaweed from rocks and coral. They feed mainly on marine plants, but they also eat insects, 갑각류, 그리고 물고기.
These animals are threatened by climate change, oil spills, and introduced predators.
11. 코뿔소 이구아나
The rhinoceros iguana (뿔 주기) is the eleventh largest lizard in the world, and the fourth largest in the Caribbean. 그것은까지 도달할 수 있습니다 1.36 중 (4.46 피트) in length and 10 킬로그램 (22.05 파운드) in weight. 하지만, these are the maximum values, and most specimens are much smaller, averaging around 1.0 중 (3.3 피트) 그리고 3 킬로그램 (6.6 파운드).
Rhinoceros iguanas are native to Hispaniola, where they inhabit dry forests, scrublands, and rocky areas.
They are terrestrial and spend most of their time on the ground, but they can also climb trees and rocks. They have a prominent horn-like projection on their snout that gives them their name. They have strong jaws and teeth that can crush fruits and seeds.
They feed mainly on plants, but they also eat insects, 거미, 달팽이들, and carrion. They are endangered due to habitat loss, hunting, and invasive species.
12. Green iguana
The green iguana (이구아나 이구아나) is the twelfth largest lizard in the world, and the fifth largest in the Caribbean.
It can grow up to 2.0 중 (6.55 피트) in length and 9.1 킬로그램 (20 파운드) in weight. 하지만, these are the maximum values, and most specimens are much smaller, averaging around 1.5 중 (4.9 피트) 그리고 4 킬로그램 (8.8 파운드).
Green iguanas are widespread throughout Central and South America, and have been introduced to many other regions, where they are considered invasive. They inhabit various tropical and subtropical habitats, such as forests, 늪, and urban areas.
They are arboreal and spend most of their time in the trees, but they also descend to the ground to forage and bask. They have long tails that can whip predators and help them balance.
They have sharp teeth that can slice leaves and stems. They feed mainly on plants, but they also eat insects, 거미, 달걀, and carrion.
13. Northern Sierra Madre forest monitor
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The northern Sierra Madre forest monitor (Varanus bitatawa) is the thirteenth largest lizard in the world, and the fourth largest in Asia. 그것은까지 도달할 수 있습니다 1.8 중 (5.84 피트) in length and 9 킬로그램 (19.84 파운드) in weight. 하지만, these are the maximum values, and most specimens are much smaller, averaging around 1.2 중 (3.9 피트) 그리고 3 킬로그램 (6.6 파운드).
Northern Sierra Madre forest monitors are endemic to the island of Luzon in the Philippines, where they inhabit lowland and montane rainforests.
These reptiles are arboreal and spend most of their time in the canopy, but they also forage on the ground. They have long tails that help them grip branches and vines.
They have sharp teeth that can pierce shells and exoskeletons. They feed mainly on fruits, but they also eat snails, 게, 곤충, 그리고 작은 척추동물. They are vulnerable due to habitat loss and hunting.
14. 레드 액트
The red tegu (얼굴이 빨개지는 구세주) is the fourteenth largest lizard in the world, and the largest in South America. It can grow up to 1.4 중 (4.59 피트) in length and 9 킬로그램 (19.84 파운드) in weight.
하지만, these are the maximum values, and most specimens are much smaller, averaging around 0.9 중 (3.0 피트) 그리고 2 킬로그램 (4.4 파운드).
Red tegus are native to Argentina, 볼리비아, 파라과이, and Brazil, where they inhabit savannas, 초원, and woodlands. They are terrestrial and spend most of their time on the ground, but they can also climb trees and swim.
They have strong claws and teeth that can dig and tear. They feed on a variety of prey, 곤충을 포함하여, 거미, 회충, 달팽이들, 달걀, 조류, 설치류, 그리고 파충류. They are also known to scavenge on carrion and human garbage.
15. Gray’s monitor
The gray’s monitor (Varanus olivaceus) is the fifteenth largest lizard in the world, and the fifth largest in Asia. 그것은까지 도달할 수 있습니다 1.88 중 (6.16 피트) in length and 8.9 킬로그램 (19.62 파운드) in weight.
하지만, these are the maximum values, and most specimens are much smaller, averaging around 1.4 중 (4.6 피트) 그리고 3 킬로그램 (6.6 파운드).
Gray’s monitors are endemic to the islands of Luzon, Polillo, and Catanduanes in the Philippines, where they inhabit lowland and montane rainforests.
They are arboreal and spend most of their time in the canopy, but they also forage on the ground. They have long tails that help them grip branches and vines. They have sharp teeth that can pierce shells and exoskeletons.
They feed mainly on fruits, but they also eat snails, 게, 곤충, 그리고 작은 척추동물. They are endangered due to habitat loss and hunting.
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